NIYAM(externel and internal purity)

Like yum ,niyam also comprises of five factors:

i)shauch(purity)
Primary purityis neede in sense of external and internal both.The ManuSmriti(5/109)elaborates that purifies the body,truthfulness purifies the mind, the jivatma is purified by knowledge and austries and the intellect (buddhi) is purified by knowledge.

Bathing purifies the body and only after such purification with water , is the body eligible for morningreligious rituals such as puja.

Purity of diet purifies the antahkaran(mind).Purity of antakaran stabilies the mind and meditation . After mastering meditation the basic instincts(vasna) are instantly eradicated.

ii)Santosh(contenment)
Santosh means toremain fully content with whatever god provides and has provided.Craving nature of the human invites misery.During an individual's life ,his karma(prarabdha) will dictate his wealth,health,longevity and possessions.

Acquiring more than what islawfully destined will either be whiled away or remain unused by him.
one should perform karmas deligently , and forsake expectation of their fruits. (gita (2/47)).

iii)tapas(austirity)

Tapas doesnot only mean performing physical austerities . IT also means to tolrate hardships;especially the dualities of heat-cold,hunger-thirst,happiness-unhappiness,honour-insult,gain-loss,and soforth .

tapas means remainig vigilant every moment ,to inculcate that "i am atma ,not this body",toperformonly those action in life that are necessary and helpful,and most importantly,to foresake one's own resolutions and beliefs and toobey the guru's wishea and commands.

iv) Swadhyay(regular study of truthfulshastras)

Bhagwan ved vyasdefines swadhyay as-chanting the omkar(pranv) mantra and studying true shastras with devotion , is called swadhyay or regular study.

v) Ishvar pranidhan(bhakti of Paramatma)

By deep devotionand surrender toIshvar(parmatma)it is possible toattain samadhi.-yogdarshan(2/45)